DEMOCRACY EDUCATION IN POLITICAL PARTIES: A CRITICAL STUDY OF A SINGLE CANDIDATE PHENOMENA

Abstract

Based on the philosophical basis, the aim of direct regional head elections is to achieve sustainable democratic values, namely the process of community participation in exercising the right to vote. The simultaneous regional head elections that were carried out in December 2020 gave rise to the single candidate phenomenon again. This study aims to describe the factors that cause the occurrence of a single candidate, theories and models that can explain this phenomenon, and the position of democracy in the election of a single candidate. By using Harzing's Publish or Perish software, 195 articles were obtained from 2013-2022. Through the Systematic Literature Review method, 50 journal articles were then analyzed. The results of the study explain that political education in political parties fails to cause a single candidate. Pragmatism of political parties, high political dowries, and failure of regeneration. Finally, make political parties form a grand coalition with a single candidate. Several theories can explain this phenomenon, such as Coalition Theory, Exchange Theory, Interest Groups Theory, Oligarchy Theory, Hegemony Theory, Deliberative Democracy, and others. In the study of democracy, a single candidate ultimately has an impact on the quality of democracy. This research opens up space for further research discussed in this article.

Keywords: Single Candidate 1, Democratic Education 2, Single Candidate Phenomenon 3